What was one of the core reasons behind the launch of Sputnik in 1957?

The launch of Sputnik in 1957 had a significant impact on the world, primarily serving to stimulate interest in science and technology. This was crucial during the Cold War era as it marked the beginning of the space race between the United States and the Soviet Union. Sputnik's successful launch demonstrated the Soviet Union's capabilities in space exploration and resulted in heightened competition, prompting both countries to invest heavily in scientific research and education in STEM fields.

This initiative not only aimed to assert technological superiority but also encouraged younger generations to pursue careers in science, engineering, and technology. The visible success of Sputnik sparked a wave of interest that led to reforms in education systems, such as the National Defense Education Act in the United States, which aimed at improving science and math education.

While the other options mention significant technological advancements, they do not relate directly to the primary motivations behind the launch of Sputnik and its immediate effects on society. For example, personal computer technology and ARPANET were developments that came later as a result of the initial advancements and increased funding in scientific research spurred by the launch. Video gaming, too, emerged from technological developments but was not a direct concern or motivation for the launch of the satellite.