What is the function of white balance in cameras?

The function of white balance in cameras is centered around achieving accurate color representation in photographs. It specifically works to correct color casts caused by different lighting conditions, ensuring that what is perceived as white in real life also appears white in the photograph. This is crucial because different light sources (like sunlight, fluorescent lights, or tungsten bulbs) have varying color temperatures, which can significantly alter the colors captured by the camera. By setting the correct white balance, the camera compensates for these temperature variances, allowing all colors in the image to appear more true to life.

Other options, while relevant to camera operation, do not address this specific function of white balance. For instance, enhancing color contrasts pertains more to image editing or specific artistic techniques rather than the foundational task of color correction. Similarly, adjusting the focus of the lens involves sharpness and depth of field rather than color accuracy. Determining exposure levels refers to managing light intake, which is separate from color temperature adjustments made by white balance.