What does symmetrical balance in composition mean?

Symmetrical balance in composition refers to the arrangement of elements within the frame in such a way that they mirror each other on either side of an imaginary central line. This creates a sense of harmony and stability, as the visual weight on one side is evenly matched by the weight of elements on the other side.

When subjects in a composition complement each other in a mirror image, it enhances the overall aesthetic appeal and can convey a sense of order and formality. For example, in a photograph of a bridge, if one side of the bridge is balanced by the other side’s features—like trees or buildings—the composition achieves symmetrical balance.

Other options describe arrangements that do not represent symmetrical balance. Random placements may create chaos rather than harmony, distinct and unrelated subjects do not offer the mirrored quality necessary for symmetry, and using only one subject does not allow for the balance between two or more elements that symmetry requires.